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The first organized international competition involving winter sports activities was introduced simply 5 years after the birth of the trendy Olympics in 1896. This competitors, the Nordic Games, included only athletes from the Scandinavian nations and was held quadrennially in Sweden, starting in 1901. Figure skating was included in the Olympics for the first time within the 1908 Summer Games in London, although the skating competition was not actually held till October, some three months after the opposite occasions were over. British, Canadian, and (beginning in September 1941) United States escorts, at first pitifully few, confronted aggressive and persistent U-boat activity. In November 1917 he began to maneuver southward across Portuguese East Africa (Germany had declared war on Portugal in March 1916), and, after crossing again into German East Africa in September 1918, he turned southwestward to invade Northern Rhodesia in October. In Jiaozhou (Kiaochow) Bay a small German enclave on the Chinese coast, the port of Qingdao (Tsingtao) was the thing of Japanese assault from September 1914. With some help from British troops and from Allied warships, the Japanese captured it on November 7. In October, in the meantime, the Japanese had occupied the Marianas, the Caroline Islands, and the Marshalls in the North Pacific, these islands being defenseless because the departure of Admiral von Spee’s naval squadron.

Both the Japanese and the British Royal Air Force suffered vital losses in March 1944. Read about these and other World War II events in the next section. Conspicuously absent from the Alpine occasions have been 1980 gold medalists Ingemar Stenmark (Sweden) and Hanni Wenzel (Liechtenstein), who were thought of professionals and had been thus banned from Olympic competitors. In the men’s competition Scott Hamilton (U.S.) edged out Brian Orser (Canada) to win the gold. The win for Iceland came on board four, however not without luck. Irina Slutskaya, the favourite in the women’s competition, needed to settle for the bronze medal after Japan’s Arakawa Shizuka gave a dazzling performance to win her nation’s first gold medal in that occasion. The Alpine competition was marked by the surprising success of the Austrian skiers, who received 14 medals in all, including gold medals in the women’s downhill and tremendous-G by Michaela Dorfmeister, and by the disappointing performance of the American team led by World Cup champion Bode Miller, who was entered in five events however earned no Olympic medals. In the men’s events Gaétan Boucher (Canada) captured two gold medals and one bronze. Within the monitor occasions the Kenyan men’s workforce won four of the six distance races.

June 14: Free French chief General Charles de Gaulle returns to France some four years after the Nazi occupation sent him into exile. From 1928 the Winter Games have been held each 4 years in the identical calendar year because the Summer Games. Within 4 years, nevertheless, new services had been constructed, سعر الذهب اليوم and lodging had been made to assist two million visitors. The monetary hegemon of the time when the gold mark was in use, nonetheless, was the pound sterling, with the sovereign (£1) being valued at 20.43 gold marks. At the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal, nevertheless, Karppinen beat Kolbe by greater than two seconds to take the price gold medal. The general results had been predictably lopsided, with Americans earning greater than three-fourths of the 95 gold medals and greater than 230 medals in all. Follow more World War II events of April and will 1940, together with Nazi Germany's invasion of the Low Countries, on the following page. The next 12 months the IOC altered its charter to create a separate Winter Olympics. The images of the moon and planets are produced by separate projection devices mounted on a body between the two star spheres. Two years later an agreement was reached to have fun an IOC-sanctioned International Winter Sports Week.

Thereafter the Winter and Summer Games have been each held quadrennially, alternating in even-numbered years. The Games staged in St. Moritz, Switzerland, in 1928 had been formally designated the second Winter Olympics. Egypt, the British Virgin Islands, Monaco, Puerto Rico, and Senegal made their Winter Olympics debuts as a Winter Games-file number of national Olympic committees (49) competed at Sarajevo. The awarding of the 14th Winter Olympics to Sarajevo (now in Bosnia and Herzegovina) caught many by shock, including the host nation, which went to work constructing new amenities and making improvements to others with a view to accommodate the Games. German pace skater Claudia Pechstein received two medals in Turin, bringing her career total to 9 and making her the highest medal winner in her sport’s Olympic history. Zoltán Halmay of Hungary and Charles Daniels of the United States each received two gold medals in particular person swimming, while Emil Rausch of Germany won three. Janet Evans of the United States received three swimming events.